Auxiliary Verbs or Helping Verbs (Part 2)

The Verb To Have

Have is one of the most common verbs in the English language. It functions in various ways.

To have as a main verb

As a main verb “to have” implies the meaning of possession.

For example: “I have a job.” “I have a car.“ "I don't have any time."

In this form it does not take the continuous form (for that you have to use the auxiliary verb be).

For example: “I am having a shower.” “Are you having a good time?"

The forms of the verb “to have” are have and has for the present and had for the past.

As mentioned about "have" is often used to indicate possession (I have) or you might see (I have got).

Examples

To have as an auxiliary verb

The verb “to have” is used as an auxiliary verb to help other verbs create the perfect tense - auxiliary verb have [+ past participle].

For example, “I have studied English for five years;” or “I have never been to America.” "I have eaten."

For example:

The use of have to

In addition to the two forms, there is another use for have as a modal verb; have to or have got to. This, of course, must be followed by another verb "We have to do something".

To have something done

If something is done for you, in other words you haven't actually done it yourself, we use the structure "to have something done".

For example:-

"I have my hair cut once every six weeks." (I don't cut my own hair, my hairdresser cuts it for me.)

"My husband has the car serviced once a year." (He wouldn't have a clue how to service a modern car so, he takes it to the garage and they service it for us.)

Modal Verbs

All the auxiliary verbs except be, do and have are called modals. Unlike other auxiliary verbs modals only exist in their helping form; they cannot act alone as the main verb in a sentence.

Be, do, and have also differ from the other auxiliaries in that they can also serve as ordinary verbs in a given sentence.

The modal verbs are:-

CAN / COULD / MAY / MIGHT / MUST / SHALL / SHOULD / OUGHT TO / WILL / WOULD

!Note The modal auxiliary verbs are always followed by the base form.

The verb used to, which is explained here, can also be used like a modal verb.

References
http://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/verbaux.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/auxiliary-verbs

Auxiliary Verbs or Helping Verbs (Part 1)

Auxiliary verbs are used together with a main verb to give grammatical information and therefore add extra meaning to a sentence. Information that is not given by the main verb.

They are used to form the passive voice.

They are used to form the continuous tense.

They are used to form the perfect tense.

Be, Do and Have are auxiliary verbs, they are irregular verbs and can be used as main verbs. The verbs 'to be' and 'to have' are the most commonly used auxiliary verbs and work alongside the main verbs in any statement.

Modal verbs are also auxiliary verbs, but will be treated separately, these are can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would, they differ from the others in that they can never function as a main verb.

The Verb To Be

Probably the best known verb in the world: "To be or not to be..."

Normally we use the verb to be to show the status or characteristics of something or someone (as a stative verb). It says what I am, what you are or what something is.

When used with the present participle of other verbs it describes actions that are or were still continuing - auxiliary verb be [+ ing form of the main verb].

Am/Is/Are

The verb to be is used to create simple yes/no questions by simply inverting the order of subject and the “To be” verb.

For example:-

I am a teacher. (Statement)
Am I a teacher? (Question)

Examples

!Note - The verb to be is also used when forming the passive voice

The Verb To Do

The verb to do is another common verb in English. It can be used as an auxiliary and a main verb. It is often used in questions.

As an auxiliary verb do is used with a main verb when forming interrogative or negative sentences, or for adding emphasis. It is also called the dummy operator or dummy auxiliary.  

Examples

When using the continuous tense do becomes doing and it doesn't change.

When using the simple past tense do becomes did and it doesn't change.

When using the perfect tense do becomes done and it doesn't change. 

Wh-Questions

 

Wh- Questions allow a speaker to find out more information about topics. They are as follows: When? Where? Who? Why? How? What? Time Place Person Reason Manner Object/Idea/Action Other words can also be used to inquire about specific information: Which (one)? Whose? Whom? How much? How many? How long? How often? How far? What kind (of)? Choice of alternatives Possession Person (objective formal) Price, amount (non-count) Quantity (count) Duration Frequency Distance Description

The "grammar" used with wh- questions depends on whether the topic being asked about is the "subject" or "predicate" of a sentence. For the subject pattern, simply replace the person or thing being asked about with the appropriate wh-word.

(Someone has my baseball.) (Something is bothering you.)

Who has my baseball? What is bothering you?

For the predicate pattern, wh- question formation depends on whether there is an "auxiliary" verb in the original sentence. Auxiliary or "helping" verbs are verbs that precede main verbs. Auxiliary verbs are italicized in the following sentences.

I can do it.
They are leaving.
I have eaten my lunch.
I should have finished my homework.

To make a question using the predicate pattern, first form a yes/no question by inverting the subject and (first) auxiliary verb. Then, add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence.

(You will leave some time.)	? will you leave When will you leave?
(He is doing something.)	? is he doing What is he doing?
(They have been somewhere.)	? have they been Where have they been?

If there is no auxiliary and the verb is "be," invert the subject and verb, then add the appropriate wh- word to the beginning of the sentence.

(He is someone.)	? is he Who is he?
(The meeting was some time.)	? was the meeting When was the meeting?

If there is no auxiliary and the verb is not "be," add do to the beginning of the sentence. Then add the appropriate wh-question word. Be sure to "transfer" the tense and number from the main verb to the word do.

(You want something.)	? do you want What do you want?
(You went somewhere.)	? did you go (past tense) Where did you go?
(She likes something.)	? does she like (third person -s) What does she like?

Worksheet

Wh Song

References

http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/wh-question-words.htm
http://www.eslgold.com/grammar/wh_questions.html

How to use There is / There are

RULES:

1. Use there IS for singular nouns (one item).

- There is a spider on the wall.
2. Use there IS for non-count items (group nouns).

- There is milk on the floor.
3. Use there ARE for many items (plural nouns).

-There are pencils on my desk.

Use "there is" to talk about one thing and "there are" to talk about two or more things

For Example

There      is      a boy in the room.
There      are      two girls in the car.
There      are      men at the party.
There      is      a bird in that tree.
There      is       a glass for you.
There      are       trees in the garden.

 There       are       many pupils in this class.
There       is       a man in the bus.
There      are       benches for the boys.

Exercise

1. ……………..five pens in the box.

2 ……………..a car in the garage.

3 ……………..some books on the table.

4. ……………..a telephone in the bedroom.

5. ……………..two tables in the kitchen.

6. ……………..many birds in that tree.

7. ……………..a magazine on the floor.

8. …………….. four chairs in the room.

9. ……………..seven days in a week.

10. ……………..a drink in the fridge.

Referent :

http://sawangpattaya.org/sawangschool/index.php?topic=837.0

http://www.english-zone.com/verbs/thereisare1.html

http://members.iinet.net.au/~adelegc/grammar/there_is/thereis.htmlBottom of Form

Verb to be

Verb To Be

             

     Verb To Be นั้น เราจะเห็นกันบ่อยในประโยคภาษาอังกฤษ verb to be ก็จะมี is, am, are ซึ่งก็จะใช้กับ ประธานของประโยคที่แตกต่างกัน ในรูปอตีต Is และ Am เปลี่ยนเป็น Was ส่วนAre เปลี่ยนเป็น Were

Verb  to  be  มีหลักการใช้  ดังนี้

1.      ถ้าเป็นกริยาสำคัญในประโยค  มีความหมายว่า  เป็น  อยู่  คือ

2.      ใช้วางข้างหน้า กลุ่มคำ   adjective  ( คำคุณศัพท์ )

3.      ใช้เป็นกริยาช่วยในโครงสร้างของประโยค Continuous ( ประโยคที่มี กริยา ing )

4.      ใช้เป็นกริยาช่วยในโครงสร้างของประโยค Passive  Voice

( ประโยคที่ประธานเป็นผู้ถูกกระทำ )

หลักการใช้  Verb to be  กับประธานในประโยค

  1.  ถ้าประธานที่เป็นเอกพจน์บุรุษที่  3  ซึ่งได้แก่  He  She  It  หรือ ชื่อคนคนเดียว

     สัตว์ตัวเดียว  และสิ่งของอันเดียวที่ถูกกล่าวถึง  Verb  to  be  ที่ใช้  คือ  is   เช่น

                        *He  is  a  teacher.                               *Sam  is  a  singer

                        *She  is  in  the  room.                         *My  father   is  sleeping.

                        *It  is  a  dog.                                       *The  pencil  is  on  the  table

            2.   ถ้าประธานเป็นเอกพจน์บุรุษที่  1  (  ผู้พูดคนเดียว ) ซึ่งได้แก่  I  Verb  to  be 

ที่ใช้  คือ  am

                        *I  am  a  student.                                *  I  am  under  the  table.

            3.  ประธานเป็นพหูพจน์ทุกบุรุษ  ซึ่งได้แก่  We  You  They   หรือ ชื่อคนหลาย 

     สัตว์หลายตัว และสิ่งของหลายอันที่ถูกกล่าวถึง  Verb  to  be  ที่ใช้  คือ  are  เช่น

                        *We  are  nurses.                    *My  father  and  I  are  in  the  room.

                        *They  are  policemen.           *Suda and  her  friends  are  under  the  tree.

                        *You  are  very  good.            *The  players  are  in  the  playground.

การใช้ is, am, are ในประโยคธรรมดา ( Positive ) ให้นำกริยาไปวางข้างหลังประธานของประโยค โดยสามารถใช้ตามรูปแบบเต็มหรือรูปแบบย่อก็ได้ เช่น

I am a student.      หรือ                  I’m a student.

He is a doctor.      หรือ   He’s a doctor.

It is hot.                   หรือ   It’s hot.

We are happy.     หรือ   We’re happy.

            การใช้ is, am, are ในประโยคปฏิเสธ ( Negative ) ก็สามารถเติม not ต่อท้าย verb to be นั้นได้เลย เช่น

I am not a student.                            หรือ       I’m not a student.

He is not a doctor.                            หรือ     He’s not a doctor.

                                                               He isn’t a doctor.

It is not hot.                                 หรือ      It’s not hot.

                                                                It isn’t hot.

They are not walking to school.   หรือ      They aren’t walking to school.

            ถ้าต้องการทำเป็นประโยคคำถามก็เอา Verb to be ในประโยคนั้นมาไว้นำหน้าประโยคและเปลี่ยนรูปไปตามประธานใหม่นั้น เช่น

Is she very clever?                   Yes, she is.

                                                No, she isn’t.

Are you Thai?                         Yes, I am.

                                                No, I’m not.

Is it hot?                                  Yes, it is.

                                                No, it isn’t.

Am I late?                               Yes, you are.

                                                No, you aren’t.

Referent :

http://www.blogger.com/goog_1238803901

http://www.blogger.com/goog_1238803901

http://patt7337.multiply.com/journal/item/1